Browsing by Author "Chalacán Martínez, Kathya Arelis"

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    Análisis del índice de selección del programa de mejoramiento genético sostenible de bovinos de leche de la parroquia Joseguango Bajo en el periodo 2023
    (Ecuador: Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC)., 2024-08) Chalacán Martínez, Kathya Arelis; Arcos Alvarez, Cristian Nepali
    In the province of Cotopaxi, specifically in the parish of Joseguango Bajo, a study was carried out with the purpose of estimating the total merit index of the sustainable genetic improvement program in dairy cattle. The lack of data and the inefficiency of genetic improvement programs and restrictions of selection indexes directly address previous areas of research. These problems pose a threat to the sustainability of the dairy industry in the parish of Joseguango Bajo, these problems together threaten the future of dairy production in the sector. The research involved the participation of 13 owners, covering a total of 71 animals. To evaluate the progress of the program, data were collected on various phenotypes, including daily weight gain, milk density, milk production, height at withers and associated economic costs. The results of the study revealed that the average production of a liter of milk in the parish is estimated at $0.12, generating an average monthly profit of $354.30 for producers. The analysis identified the best animal in terms of daily weight gain, with an average of 155.130 grams per day. According to projections, the target of 700 grams per day is expected to be reached in eight generations. In terms of milk production, the best animal recorded a yield of 4,114.034 kg per lactation, estimating that in three generations the goal of 5,000 kg per lactation will be reached. Regarding milk density, the best animal obtained a value of 1,027 grams per milliliter, with the projection that in two generations the optimum value of 1,032 grams per milliliter will be achieved. Finally, in terms of height at withers, the best performing animal reached 127.57 cm, with the expectation of meeting the desired goal in two additional generations. The analysis concludes that milk production is one of the main strengths in the parish of Joseguango Bajo. However, areas such as daily weight gain, milk density and height at withers present opportunities for improvement. Therefore, it is recommended to focus efforts on improving these traits to obtain better results in future generations, which will contribute to the sustainability and success of the genetic improvement program in the region.